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磁盘分区20191017

2019-10-18 08:36:25来源：博客园阅读 ()

磁盘分区20191017

1、磁盘存储       磁盘分区主流2种：     MBR最大分区不超过2T，1块硬盘最多4个主分区，也可以3（主）+1（扩展下N个逻辑分区）；GPT支持128个分区，全是主分区； 2、创建磁盘：     查看磁盘分区表信息     [root@localhost ~]#hexdump -C -n 512 /dev/sdb     00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|     *     00000200   1.1、MBR或GPT，命令：     [root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sdb mklabel gpt #命令命令最后选择分区类型GPT或msdos     Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.     2、查询创建结果：     [root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb     Disk /dev/sdb: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors     Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes     Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes     I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes     Disklabel type: gpt     Disk identifier: B49D2C14-D087-486B-8ABF-72D3809D82E3     3、查看当前分区有哪些     [root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sdb print     Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)     Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7GB     Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B     Partition Table: gpt     Disk Flags:
    Number  Start  End  Size  File system  Name  Flags     4、分区：选择主分区，100M，起始1M，终止101M，primary表示主分区。     [root@localhost ~]#parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary 1 101     [root@localhost ~]#parted /dev/sdb print     Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)     Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7GB     Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B     Partition Table: gpt     Disk Flags:
    Number  Start   End    Size    File system  Name     Flags     1      1049kB  101MB  99.6MB               primary     5、查看硬盘分区情况：     [root@localhost ~]#lsblk     NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT     sda      8:0    0  200G  0 disk     ├─sda1   8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot     ├─sda2   8:2    0  100G  0 part /     ├─sda3   8:3    0   50G  0 part /data     ├─sda4   8:4    0    1K  0 part     └─sda5   8:5    0    4G  0 part [SWAP]     sdb      8:16   0   10G  0 disk     └─sdb1   8:17   0   95M  0 part     sdc      8:32   0    5G  0 disk     sr0     11:0    1  6.7G  0 rom     6、删除分区     [root@localhost ~]#parted /dev/sdb rm 1     [root@localhost ~]#lsblk     NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT     sda      8:0    0  200G  0 disk     ├─sda1   8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot     ├─sda2   8:2    0  100G  0 part /     ├─sda3   8:3    0   50G  0 part /data     ├─sda4   8:4    0    1K  0 part     └─sda5   8:5    0    4G  0 part [SWAP]     sdb      8:16   0   10G  0 disk     └─sdb2   8:18   0   97M  0 part     sdc      8:32   0    5G  0 disk     sr0     11:0    1  6.7G  0 rom     7、分区必须是连续的，无法跨越，如第一个分区是1-100M，第二个是101-202M，     如果删除1-100M，，再重新建立分区，如1-300M，实际是100M     8、删[root@localhost ~]#dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=1 count=512     [root@localhost ~]#dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=1 count=512     512+0 records in     512+0 records out     512 bytes copied, 0.00275154 s, 186 kB/s     [root@localhost ~]#fdisk -l /dev/sdb     Disk /dev/sdb: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors     Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes     Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes     I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes   2.1 fdisk工具创建分区     [root@localhost ~]#fdisk /dev/sdb
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).     Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.     Be careful before using the write command.
    Device does not contain a recognized partition table.     Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x1de77d65.
    Command (m for help): n     Partition type     p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)     e   extended (container for logical partitions)     Select (default p): p     Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1     First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048):     Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +5G
    CreateCommand (m for help): w     The partition table has been altered.     Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.     Syncing disks.     d a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 5 GiB.     PS：centos8分区直接w存盘退出，         centos7 w存盘退出后，分区同步：partprobe         centos6 w存盘退出后，增加分区同步：partx -a /dev/sdb ；删除分区同步 partx -d --nr 6-8 /dev/sdb   (6-8删除分区编号)（柱面单位，1个柱面：255*63*512=8M）     2.删除分区     [root@localhost ~]#fdisk /dev/sdb
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).     Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.     Be careful before using the write command.     Command (m for help): d     Partition number (1,2,5, default 5): 5
    Partition 5 has been deleted.
    Command (m for help): p     Disk /dev/sdb: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors     Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes     Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes     I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes     Disklabel type: dos     Disk identifier: 0x1de77d65
    Device     Boot    Start      End  Sectors Size Id Type     /dev/sdb1           2048 10487807 10485760   5G 83 Linux     /dev/sdb2       10487808 14682111  4194304   2G  5 Extended
    Command (m for help): w     The partition table has been altered.     Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.     Syncing disks.     PS：分区编号自动递增，如分区编号是：12345，删除3，则结果：1234.     分区挂载配置最好写分区UUID，唯一不变，写分区号，删除分区影响挂载配置文件。     PS：删除扩张分区，直接就删除逻辑分区     增加分区后，磁盘分区表     [root@localhost ~]#hexdump -C -n 512 /dev/sdb     00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|     *     000001b0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  65 7d e7 1d 00 00 00 20  |........e}..... |     000001c0  21 00 83 d5 89 8c 00 08  00 00 00 00 a0 00 00 d5  |!...............|     000001d0  8a 8c 05 ea d9 91 00 08  a0 00 00 00 40 00 00 00  |............@...|     000001e0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|     000001f0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa  |..............U.|     00000200
    3.修改分区类型     [root@localhost ~]#fdisk /dev/sdb     Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).     Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.     Be careful before using the write command.     Command (m for help): t     Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2     Hex code (type L to list all codes): l
    0  Empty           24  NEC DOS         81  Minix / old Lin bf  Solaris             1  FAT12           27  Hidden NTFS Win 82  Linux swap / So c1  DRDOS/sec (FAT-     2  XENIX root      39  Plan 9          83  Linux           c4  DRDOS/sec (FAT-     3  XENIX usr       3c  PartitionMagic  84  OS/2 hidden or  c6  DRDOS/sec (FAT-     4  FAT16 <32M      40  Venix 80286     85  Linux extended  c7  Syrinx              5  Extended        41  PPC PReP Boot   86  NTFS volume set da  Non-FS data         6  FAT16           42  SFS             87  NTFS volume set db  CP/M / CTOS / .     7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d  QNX4.x          88  Linux plaintext de  Dell Utility        8  AIX             4e  QNX4.x 2nd part 8e  Linux LVM       df  BootIt              9  AIX bootable    4f  QNX4.x 3rd part 93  Amoeba          e1  DOS access          a  OS/2 Boot Manag 50  OnTrack DM      94  Amoeba BBT      e3  DOS R/O             b  W95 FAT32       51  OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f  BSD/OS          e4  SpeedStor           c  W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52  CP/M            a0  IBM Thinkpad hi ea  Rufus alignment     e  W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53  OnTrack DM6 Aux a5  FreeBSD         eb  BeOS fs             f  W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54  OnTrackDM6      a6  OpenBSD         ee  GPT                 10  OPUS            55  EZ-Drive        a7  NeXTSTEP        ef  EFI (FAT-12/16/     11  Hidden FAT12    56  Golden Bow      a8  Darwin UFS      f0  Linux/PA-RISC b     12  Compaq diagnost 5c  Priam Edisk     a9  NetBSD          f1  SpeedStor           14  Hidden FAT16 <3 61  SpeedStor       ab  Darwin boot     f4  SpeedStor           16  Hidden FAT16    63  GNU HURD or Sys af  HFS / HFS+      f2  DOS secondary       17  Hidden HPFS/NTF 64  Novell Netware  b7  BSDI fs         fb  VMware VMFS         18  AST SmartSleep  65  Novell Netware  b8  BSDI swap       fc  VMware VMKCORE     1b  Hidden W95 FAT3 70  DiskSecure Mult bb  Boot Wizard hid fd  Linux raid auto     1c  Hidden W95 FAT3 75  PC/IX           bc  Acronis FAT32 L fe  LANstep             1e  Hidden W95 FAT1 80  Old Minix       be  Solaris boot    ff  BBT                 Hex code (type L to list all codes):   2.2 fdisk分区常见命令：     fdisk /dev/sdb 命令参数     p 分区列表     t 更改分区类型     n 创建新分区     d 删除分区     v 校验分区     u 转换单位     w 保存并退出     q 不保存并退出   2.3 gdisk分区工具同等于fdisk分区工具。

原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/joker-apologize/p/11696294.html
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