spring-cloud-kubernetes官方demo运行实战

2019-09-02 09:49:18来源:博客园 阅读 ()

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spring-cloud-kubernetes官方demo运行实战

关于spring-cloud-kubernetes

spring-cloud-kubernetes是springcloud官方推出的开源项目,用于将Spring Cloud和Spring Boot应用运行在kubernetes环境,并且提供了通用的接口来调用kubernetes服务,GitHub上官方地址是:https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-kubernetes

系列文章列表

本文是《spring-cloud-kubernetes实战系列》的第一篇,全文链接如下:

  1. 《spring-cloud-kubernetes官方demo运行实战》
  2. 《你好spring-cloud-kubernetes》
  3. 《spring-cloud-kubernetes背后的三个关键知识点》
  4. 《spring-cloud-kubernetes的服务发现和轮询实战(含熔断)》
  5. 《spring-cloud-kubernetes与SpringCloud Gateway》
  6. 《spring-cloud-kubernetes与k8s的configmap》

官方demo

官方提供了简单的demo用于快速了解spring-cloud-kubernetes,但是成功运行此demo需要做一些设置和修改,这也是此文的意义所在,接下来我们一起实战这个demo;

环境信息

本次实战的环境和版本信息如下:

  1. 操作系统:CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810
  2. minikube:1.1.1
  3. Java:1.8.0_191
  4. Maven:3.6.0
  5. fabric8-maven-plugin插件:3.5.37
  6. spring-cloud-kubernetes:1.0.1.RELEASE

上面提到的linux、minikube、java、maven,请确保已全部准备好,关于linux环境下minikube的安装和启动请参考《Linux安装minikube指南 》。

下载源码

官方demo包含在整个spring-cloud-kubernetes开源项目中,因此要下载整个开源项目,由于主干的提交一直很活跃,因此最好下载个release版本,我这里下载的是v1.0.1.RELEASE,如下图红框所示,地址是:https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-kubernetes/releases
在这里插入图片描述

修改maven设置

需要事先修改maven的设置,否则编译构建的时候会报错:

  1. 打开maven的配置文件settings.xml,完整路径是apache-maven-3.6.0/conf/settings.xm;
  2. 在settings.xml文件内,找到pluginGroups节点,在里面增加两行,修改完成后效果如下:
<pluginGroups>
    <pluginGroup>io.fabric8</pluginGroup>
    <pluginGroup>org.springframework.boot</pluginGroup>
  </pluginGroups>
  1. 修改完毕保存退出,maven设置完成;

如果您想了解该错误的细节,请参考文章《使用fabric8-maven-plugin插件的错误处理(No plugin found for prefix 'fabric8')》;

编译项目源码

  1. 将上图中的源码下载解压,得到一个新的文件夹spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE
  2. 进入文件夹spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE,执行命令mvn clean compile -U,完全编译整个工程,由于要下载大量依赖库所以较为耗时,我这里是二十分钟以上(这一步不是必须的,看个人爱好吧),构建通过后如下所示:
[INFO] Reactor Summary for Spring Cloud Kubernetes 1.0.1.RELEASE:
[INFO] 
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Dependencies ............ SUCCESS [  0.077 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes ............................ SUCCESS [  2.575 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Core .................... SUCCESS [01:51 min]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Config .................. SUCCESS [ 21.357 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Discovery ............... SUCCESS [  6.473 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Ribbon .................. SUCCESS [ 31.616 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Starter ................. SUCCESS [  0.558 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Starter :: Config ....... SUCCESS [  0.569 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Starter :: Ribbon ....... SUCCESS [  0.595 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Starter :: All .......... SUCCESS [  0.571 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Examples ................ SUCCESS [  0.558 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Examples :: Reload ConfigMap SUCCESS [  9.077 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Examples :: Hello World . SUCCESS [  1.323 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Leader .................. SUCCESS [  7.395 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Examples :: Leader Election SUCCESS [  0.594 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Istio ................... SUCCESS [ 12.788 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests ....... SUCCESS [  0.574 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Simple Core SUCCESS [02:14 min]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Simple Configmap SUCCESS [  0.646 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Istio SUCCESS [  0.623 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Discovery Parent SUCCESS [  0.564 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Discovery Service A SUCCESS [  0.605 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Discovery Service B SUCCESS [  0.625 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Discovery Client SUCCESS [  0.608 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Discovery Tests SUCCESS [  1.440 s]
[INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes Docs ....................... SUCCESS [  0.583 s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  05:53 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2019-06-08T19:32:19+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1. 进入目录spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE/spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example,这里面就是官方的入门demo,执行以下命令开始构建并且会部署到minikube:
mvn clean package fabric8:deploy -Pkubernetes

构建和部署完成后,控制台输出以下信息:

...
[INFO] Installing /usr/local/work/demo/spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE/spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example/target/kubernetes-hello-world-1.0.1.RELEASE-sources.jar to /root/.m2/repository/org/springframework/cloud/kubernetes-hello-world/1.0.1.RELEASE/kubernetes-hello-world-1.0.1.RELEASE-sources.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] <<< fabric8-maven-plugin:3.5.37:deploy (default-cli) < install @ kubernetes-hello-world <<<
[INFO] 
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- fabric8-maven-plugin:3.5.37:deploy (default-cli) @ kubernetes-hello-world ---
[INFO] F8: Using Kubernetes at https://192.168.121.133:8443/ in namespace default with manifest /usr/local/work/demo/spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE/spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example/target/classes/META-INF/fabric8/kubernetes.yml 
[INFO] Using namespace: default
[INFO] Creating a Service from kubernetes.yml namespace default name kubernetes-hello-world
[INFO] Created Service: spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example/target/fabric8/applyJson/default/service-kubernetes-hello-world.json
[INFO] Using namespace: default
[INFO] Creating a Deployment from kubernetes.yml namespace default name kubernetes-hello-world
[INFO] Created Deployment: spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example/target/fabric8/applyJson/default/deployment-kubernetes-hello-world.json
[INFO] F8: HINT: Use the command `kubectl get pods -w` to watch your pods start up
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  16.047 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2019-06-08T19:50:50+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1. 查看服务,已经创建了,类型是NodePort ,并且将8080端口映射到宿主机的30700端口,说明可以用http://宿主机IP:30700来访问此服务:
[root@minikube kubernetes-hello-world-example]# kubectl get services
NAME                     TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)          AGE
kubernetes               ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP          10h
kubernetes-hello-world   NodePort    10.108.214.207   <none>        8080:30700/TCP   4m
  1. 查看部署,发现始终未能进入READY状态
[root@minikube kubernetes-hello-world-example]# kubectl get deployments
NAME                     READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
kubernetes-hello-world   0/1     1            0           4m46s
  1. 查看pod,发现新建的pod始终未能进入READY状态
[root@minikube kubernetes-hello-world-example]# kubectl get pods
NAME                                      READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kubernetes-hello-world-7578f45c5d-hr4r7   0/1     Running   1          6m
  1. 从上面的信息可以看出,部署虽然已经完成,但是pod是不可用的,访问网页试试,如下图,果然无法访问:
    在这里插入图片描述

    检查问题

  2. 执行命令kubectl describe pod kubernetes-hello-world-7578f45c5d-hr4r7检查pod的具体情况,如下图红框所示,两个探针检查都失败了:
    在这里插入图片描述
  3. 再看看控制台输出的pod基本情况,里面有探针的信息,如下图所示,两个探针的地址都是/health
    在这里插入图片描述
  4. 打开demo的源码,如下所示,根本就没有路径为/health的服务:
@RestController
public class HelloController {

        private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HelloController.class);

        @Autowired
        private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

        @RequestMapping("/")
        public String hello() {
                return "Hello World";
        }

        @RequestMapping("/services")
        public List<String> services() {
                return this.discoveryClient.getServices();
        }
}

现在真相大白了:部署到minikube上的pod,配置了探针地址是/health,但是服务中并没有此路径,因此探针检查一直无法通过;

解决问题

搞清楚问题之后就可以动手解决问题了,这里有两种解决方式:
第一种,修改HelloController.java,增加一个方法,对应的地址是/health的服务;
第二种,修改deployment的配置,将探针地址改为现有的服务,例如"/",这是个可用的服务;

第一种方法很简单,留给读者您来完成吧,我们来试试第二种:

  1. 执行以下命令,开始编辑deployment:
kubectl edit deployment kubernetes-hello-world
  1. 在编辑页面上找到两个探针的配置,都从"/health"改成"/",如下图两个红框所示:
    在这里插入图片描述
  2. 修改完毕后,像普通vim操作一样"wq"保存退出,配置会立即生效,稍等一会儿再看pod情况,发现pod的name已经变了,并且状态已经成为Ready,证明旧的pod已经销毁,新的pod被创建并且探针测试通过:
[root@minikube examples]# kubectl get pods
NAME                                      READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kubernetes-hello-world-6c5f75ff74-dnm2q   1/1     Running   0          15s
  1. 访问地址http://192.168.121.133:30700 ,服务正常(192.168.121.133是宿主机IP地址),如下图:
    在这里插入图片描述

    官方解释

    官方的demo无法在minikube上正常运行,还要我们自己去修改配置或者源码,官方的demo不应该会这样,在kubernetes-hello-world-example工程内的README.md文档中发现了对此问题的说明,如下图红框所示,fabric8的maven插件在生成探针配置的是时候配错了URL,因此官方建议我们去修改deployment的配置,将探针的地址从"/health"改为"/actuator/heath",这个问题已经被提交到了fabric8社区,并且贴出了链接:
    在这里插入图片描述

    权限问题

    刚才我们看过了HelloController.java的源码,里面还有个路径为"/services"的接口,在minikube环境下访问此接口可以成功返回,内容是当前minikube环境的服务信息,但是如果部署在正式的kubernetes环境,访问此接口会返回以下错误:
Message: Forbidden!Configured service account doesn't have access. Service account may have been revoked. services is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list resource "services" in API group "" in the namespace "default"

也就是说当前的system:serviceaccount账号是没有权限通过API server访问"services"资源的,此时最快的解决办法是提升账号权限:

kubectl create clusterrolebinding permissive-binding \
  --clusterrole=cluster-admin \
  --user=admin \
  --user=kubelet \
  --group=system:serviceaccounts

注意:以上办法只能用于开发和测试环境,不要用在生产环境,在生产环境应该参考Kubernetes的RBAC授权相关设置来处理。

修改源码时遇到的错误怎么规避

如果您想尝试修改demo的源码并且部署上去,在编译阶段可能遇到以下问题:

[root@minikube kubernetes-hello-world-example]# mvn clean package fabric8:deploy -Pkubernetes
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] ----------< org.springframework.cloud:kubernetes-hello-world >----------
[INFO] Building Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Examples :: Hello World 1.0.1.RELEASE
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ kubernetes-hello-world ---
[INFO] Deleting /usr/local/work/demo/spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE/spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example/target
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-checkstyle-plugin:3.0.0:check (checkstyle-validation) @ kubernetes-hello-world ---
[INFO] 开始检查……
[ERROR] /usr/local/work/demo/spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE/spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example/src/main/java/org/springframework/cloud/kubernetes/examples/HelloController.java:33: 当前行匹配非法表达式: 'Trailing whitespace'。 [Regexp]
检查完成。
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  2.976 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2019-06-08T22:15:37+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-checkstyle-plugin:3.0.0:check (checkstyle-validation) on project kubernetes-hello-world: Failed during checkstyle execution: There is 1 error reported by Checkstyle 8.12 with checkstyle.xml ruleset. -> [Help 1]
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException

出现上述问题的原因是maven-checkstyle-plugin插件检查代码的style没有通过,我试过在mvn命令中添加skip参数,也试过在pom.xml中添加maven-checkstyle-plugin节点并且配置为skip,结果都没有用,最终用以下方法成功规避了此问题:

  1. 打开pom.xml文件;
  2. 找到节点properties(如果没有就创建),增加以下三个属性配置,这样配置的作用是在style检查失败、校验失败、单元测试代码检查失败这三种情况下,都不会导致整个maven构建的失败:
<properties>
        <maven-checkstyle-plugin.failsOnError>false</maven-checkstyle-plugin.failsOnError>
        <maven-checkstyle-plugin.failsOnViolation>false</maven-checkstyle-plugin.failsOnViolation>
        <maven-checkstyle-plugin.includeTestSourceDirectory>false</maven-checkstyle-plugin.includeTestSourceDirectory></properties>

至此,官方demo的部署和运行都完成了,对spring-cloud-kubernetes算是有了初步认识,接下来的实战中,我们一起去深入的了解spring-cloud-kubernetes,看看kubernetes上的springcloud应用怎么开发;

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在这里插入图片描述


原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/bolingcavalry/p/11445732.html
如有疑问请与原作者联系

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