Java调用WebService方法总结(9,end)--Http方式调…

2019-11-20 16:04:01来源：博客园阅读 ()

Java调用WebService方法总结(9,end)--Http方式调用WebService

Http方式调用WebService，直接发送soap消息到服务端，然后自己解析服务端返回的结果，这种方式比较简单粗暴，也很好用；soap消息可以通过SoapUI来生成，也很方便。文中所使用到的软件版本：Java 1.8.0_191、HttpClient 4.5.3、Spring 5.1.9、dom4j 2.1.1、jackson 2.9.9。

1、准备

参考Java调用WebService方法总结(1)--准备工作

2、调用

2.1、HttpURLConnection方式

该方式利用JDK自身提供的API来调用，不需要额外的JAR包。

public static void httpURLConnection(String soap) {
    HttpURLConnection connection = null;
    try {
        URL url = new URL(urlWsdl);
        connection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
        connection.setDoOutput(true);
        connection.setDoInput(true);
        connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
        connection.setRequestProperty("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
        connection.connect();
        
        setBytesToOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream(), soap.getBytes());
        
        byte[] b = getBytesFromInputStream(connection.getInputStream());
        String back = new String(b);
        System.out.println("httpURLConnection返回soap：" + back);
        System.out.println("httpURLConnection结果：" + parseResult(back));
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
        connection.disconnect();
    }
}

2.2、HttpClient方式

利用Apache的HttpClient框架调用。

public static void httpClient(String soap) {
    try {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(urlWsdl);
        httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
        httpPost.setHeader("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
        InputStreamEntity entity = new InputStreamEntity(new ByteArrayInputStream(soap.getBytes()));
        httpPost.setEntity(entity);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
        String back = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity);
        System.out.println("httpClient返回soap：" + back);
        System.out.println("httpClient结果：" + parseResult(back));
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

2.3、RestTemplate方式

利用Srping的RestTemplate工具调用。

public static void restTemplate(String soap) {
    RestTemplate template = new RestTemplate();
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.add("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
    headers.add("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
    org.springframework.http.HttpEntity<String> entity = new org.springframework.http.HttpEntity<String>(soap, headers);
    String back = template.postForEntity(urlWsdl, entity, String.class).getBody();
    System.out.println("restTemplate返回soap：" + back);
    System.out.println("restTemplate结果：" + parseResult(back));
}

2.4、小结

三种方式其实差不多，主体思想是一样的就是发送soap报文，就是写法不一样而已。完整例子：

package com.inspur.ws;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.InputStreamEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * Http方式调用WebService
 *
 */
public class Http {
    private static String urlWsdl = "http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/TraditionalSimplifiedWebService.asmx?wsdl";
    private static String targetNamespace = "http://webxml.com.cn/";
    
    /**
     * HttpURLConnection方式
     * @param soap
     */
    public static void httpURLConnection(String soap) {
        HttpURLConnection connection = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(urlWsdl);
            connection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
            connection.setRequestProperty("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
            connection.connect();
            
            setBytesToOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream(), soap.getBytes());
            
            byte[] b = getBytesFromInputStream(connection.getInputStream());
            String back = new String(b);
            System.out.println("httpURLConnection返回soap：" + back);
            System.out.println("httpURLConnection结果：" + parseResult(back));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            connection.disconnect();
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * HttpClient方式
     * @param soap
     */
    public static void httpClient(String soap) {
        try {
            CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(urlWsdl);
            httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
            httpPost.setHeader("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
            InputStreamEntity entity = new InputStreamEntity(new ByteArrayInputStream(soap.getBytes()));
            httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
            String back = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity);
            System.out.println("httpClient返回soap：" + back);
            System.out.println("httpClient结果：" + parseResult(back));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * RestTemplate方式
     * @param soap
     */
    public static void restTemplate(String soap) {
        RestTemplate template = new RestTemplate();
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.add("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
        headers.add("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
        org.springframework.http.HttpEntity<String> entity = new org.springframework.http.HttpEntity<String>(soap, headers);
        String back = template.postForEntity(urlWsdl, entity, String.class).getBody();
        System.out.println("restTemplate返回soap：" + back);
        System.out.println("restTemplate结果：" + parseResult(back));
    }
    
    
    /**
     * 从输入流获取数据
     * @param in
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static byte[] getBytesFromInputStream(InputStream in) throws IOException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        byte[] b = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len = in.read(b)) != -1) {
            baos.write(b, 0, len);
        }
        byte[] bytes = baos.toByteArray();
        baos.close();
        in.close();
        return bytes;
    }
    
    /**
     * 向输入流发送数据
     * @param out
     * @param bytes
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static void setBytesToOutputStream(OutputStream out, byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
        ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
        byte[] b = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len = bais.read(b)) != -1) {
            out.write(b, 0, len);
        }
        out.flush();
        out.close();
        bais.close();
    }
    
    /**
     * 解析结果
     * @param s
     * @return
     */
    private static String parseResult(String s) {
        String result = "";
        try {
            Reader file = new StringReader(s);
            SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
            
            Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
            map.put("ns", "http://webxml.com.cn/");
            reader.getDocumentFactory().setXPathNamespaceURIs(map);
            Document dc = reader.read(file);
            result = dc.selectSingleNode("//ns:toTraditionalChineseResult").getText().trim();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String soap11 = "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:web=\"http://webxml.com.cn/\">"
                       + "<soapenv:Header/>"
                       + "<soapenv:Body>"
                       +    "<web:toTraditionalChinese>"
                       +      "<web:sText>小学</web:sText>"
                       +    "</web:toTraditionalChinese>"
                       + "</soapenv:Body>"
                       + "</soapenv:Envelope>";
        String soap12 = "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope\" xmlns:web=\"http://webxml.com.cn/\">"
                   + "<soapenv:Header/>"
                   + "<soapenv:Body>"
                   +    "<web:toTraditionalChinese>"
                   +      "<web:sText>大学</web:sText>"
                   +    "</web:toTraditionalChinese>"
                   + "</soapenv:Body>"
                   + "</soapenv:Envelope>";
        httpURLConnection(soap11);
        httpURLConnection(soap12);
        
        httpClient(soap11);
        httpClient(soap12);
        
        restTemplate(soap11);
        restTemplate(soap12);
    }
}