Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Conform…

Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)

A protocol that distributes routing information to the routers that connect networks.

Fast Reroute

A mechanism used in MPLS networks to provide redundant data paths for recovery from node or link failures. The RSVP-TE protocol is used to signal Fast Reroute configuration.

Forward Equivalency Class (FEC)

A classification of a group of packets ?all packets assigned to a FEC receive the same routing treatment. FECs can be based on IP address prefixes or service requirements for a type of packet (QoS, VPN, Traffic Engineering, etc.).

Forwarding Information Base (FIB)

A table containing the information necessary to forward IP data in a router. At a minimum, the FIB contains the outbound interface identifier and next hop information for each reachable IP destination network.

Internet Gateway Protocol (IGP)

Protocol that distributes routing information to the routers within a network. The term 揼ateway?is historical; 搑outer?is currently the preferred term. Example IGPs are OSPF, IS-IS and RIP.

IS-IS

An OSI/IP routing protocol, IS-IS stands for Intermediate System to Intermediate System (i.e., router to router). MPLS traffic engineering parameters can be distributed with IS-IS using extensions to the protocol (IS-IS-TE).

L2 VPN

An emulation of a Layer 2 switching environment, supplied by a service provider for its customers, via a core network. In MPLS networks, L2 VPNs use LDP to signal connections for transporting Layer 2 frames over MPLS.

L3 VPN

An emulation of Layer 3 services/distribution of routes, supplied by a service provider for its customers, via a core network. L3 VPNs use BGP extensions to signal provider-provisioned VPNs per IETF Draft RFC 2547bis.

Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)

A protocol, defined in RFC 3036, used to distribute MPLS label and stream mapping information.

Label Edge Router (LER)

A router at the edge of an MPLS network. At the ingress side, an LER maps IP packets to LSPs, adds the appropriate MPLS header, and forwards the packet to the next hop. At the egress side, an LER strips the MPLS label(s) and forwards the packet using traditional routing mechanisms.

Label Information Base (LIB)

A table that specifies how to forward a packet in an MPLS router. This table associates each label with its corresponding FEC.

Label Switched Path (LSP)

In MPLS, a path through a network from an ingress to an egress router that has been established through the distribution of labels that define hop-by-hop forwarding treatment.

Label Switching Router (LSR)

A router, operating in the core of an MPLS network, that switches traffic based on labels.

Martini Drafts

A set of IETF draft specifications (named for primary author Luca Martini) that define the mechanisms for creating Layer 2 MPLS VPNs. Such VPNs support Layer 2 traffic such as Frame Relay, ATM, and Ethernet tunnels over an MPLS network.

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

A link-state routing protocol used by IP routers located within a single Autonomous System (AS) to determine routing paths. MPLS traffic engineering parameters can be distributed with OSPF using extensions to the protocol (OSPF-TE).

P Router (Provider Router)

A router that operates in the core of an service provider network.

Provider Edge Router (PE)

A router that operates at the edge of a service provider抯 network, interfacing with the corresponding Customer Edge (CE) router(s) at the edge of one or more customer networks.

Quality of Service (QoS)

A measure of performance for a transmission system that reflects its transmission quality and service availability. QoS mechanisms provide the ability to manage network traffic抯 bandwidth, delay, and congestion.

Resource Reservation Protocol ?Tunneling Extensions (RSVP-TE)

Extensions to the RSVP protocol related to traffic engineering. RSVP-TE implements an assignment of labels from ingress to egress routers, with consideration for bandwidth and other QoS requirements.

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

An Internet routing protocol that uses hop count as a routing metric. RIP is the most common IGP used in the Internet.

Traffic Engineering

Techniques and processes that optimize the routing of network traffic. Traffic engineering mechanisms enable network administrators to manage network traffic抯 bandwidth, delay, and congestion.

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